Hydrocodone is available in a variety of formulations for oral administration: See also: Hydrocodone/paracetamol, Hydrocodone/ibuprofen, and Hydrocodone/aspirin Notwithstanding, it conveys a gamble of habit and ought to be utilized circumspectly under a specialist's direction to stay away from expected incidental effects and reliance. It works by restricting to receptors in the cerebrum and spinal line, diminishing agony signals. Hydrocodone is a strong narcotic prescription used to ease serious torment. Understanding Hydrocodone: Uses and Precautions Recommended dosing interval is 4–6 hours. The manufacturer's information says onset of action is about 10-30 minutes and duration is about 4-6 hours. Some references state that the analgesic action of hydrocodone begins in 20–30 minutes and lasts about 4–8 hours. However, in a study of emergency department patients with fractures, it was found that an equal amount of either drug provided about the same degree of pain relief, indicating that there is little practical difference between them when used for that purpose. The investigators interpreted this to mean that oxycodone is about 50% more potent than hydrocodone. In one study comparing the potency of hydrocodone to that of oxycodone, it was found that it took 50% more hydrocodone to achieve the same degree of miosis (pupillary contraction). In liquid formulations, it is used to treat cough. Hydrocodone is used to treat moderate to severe pain. Production using genetically engineered yeasts has been developed but is not used commercially. Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic opioid, converted from codeine or less often from thebaine. In 2018, it was the 402nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 400,000 prescriptions. It is most commonly prescribed in the United States, which consumed 99% of the worldwide supply as of 2010. Hydrocodone was patented in 1923, while the long-acting formulation was approved for medical use in the United States in 2013. Hydrocodone 10 mg is equivalent to about 10 mg of morphine by mouth. Hydrocodone is believed to work by activating opioid receptors, mainly in the brain and spinal cord. Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is generally not recommended. Rapidly decreasing the dose may result in opioid withdrawal. Serious side effects may include low blood pressure, seizures, QT prolongation, respiratory depression, and serotonin syndrome. Hydrocodone is a controlled drug, in the United States a Schedule II Controlled Substance.Ĭommon side effects include dizziness, sleepiness, nausea, and constipation. It is also available by itself in a long-acting form under the brand name Zohydro ER, among others, to treat severe pain of a prolonged duration. Typically it is dispensed as the combination acetaminophen/hydrocodone or ibuprofen/hydrocodone for pain severe enough to require an opioid and in combination with homatropine methylbromide to relieve cough. Hydrocodone, also known as dihydrocodeinone, is an opioid used to treat pain and as a cough suppressant.
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